New dyeing process



Patented Aug. 23, 1960 NEW DYEING PROCESS Harry Rose Hadfield, Brian Batterbee, and Denis Ronald Lemin, Manchester, England, assignors to Imperial Chemical industries Limited, Millbank, London, England, a corporation of Great Britain No Drawing. Filed Sept. 10, 1957, Ser. No. 683,012 3 Claims. (Cl. 8-54) This invention relates to a new dyeing process and more particularly it relates to a new process for the dyeing of protein and regenerated protein fibres.

It has previously been proposed to dye protein fibres from aqueous dyebaths with water-soluble azo or anthraquinone dyestufis containing a s-triazinylamino group substituted in the triazine nucleus by at least on halogen atom. The processes hitherto proposed, however, have described the use of hot dyestufi solutions containing weak acids or acid salts as used for example in the commonly-used methods for dyeing protein fibres with watersoluble dyestufis.

It has now been found that the said azo or anthraquinone dyestufls dye protein and regenerated protein fibres in shades of increased levelness when the dyeing operation is carried out at relatively low temperatures in conjunction with a treatment with an acid-binding agent.

According to the invention, therefore, there is provided a process for the dyeing of textile materials comprising protein and regenerated protein fibres with watersoluble azo and anthraquinone dyestuffs containing at least one s-tn'azinylamino group substituted in the triazine ring by at least one halogen atom, which comprises applying the dyestufi to the textile material from an aqueous solution at a temperature not less than C. and not greater than 55 C., in conjunction with a treatment with a dilute aqueous solution of an acid-binding agent.

The water-soluble azo and anthraquinone dyestuffs containing at least one s-triazinylamino group substituted in the triazine nucleus by at least one halogen atom, may be obtained by interacting a cyanuric halide or a 2:4-dihalogeno-s-triazine with a water-soluble azo, polyazo or anthraquinone dyestulf containing one or more amino and/or mono-substituted amino groups.

As examples of cyanuric halides which may be used, there may be mentioned cyanuric chloride and cyanuric bromide.

As examples of 2:4-dihalogeno-s-triazines which may be used there may be mentioned those 2:4-dihalogeno-striazines and especially 2:4-dichloro-s-t1iazines substituted in the 6 position of the triazine ring by alkyl groups such as methyl, by aryl groups such as phenyl, by alkoxy group such as methoxy, by aryloxy groups such as phenoxy, by amino or substituted amino groups, by alkylmercapto groups such as methylmercapto, by arylmercapto groups such as phenyl mercapto.

The substituted amino groups present in the triazine ring may be monoor di-substituted and include the groups obtained by removal of a hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen atom of for example, colourless alkylor arylamines such as methylamine, butylamine, diethylamine, beta-hydroxyethylamine, cyclohexylamine, aniline, beta-naphthylamine, metanilic acid, 2:4-diaminobenzenesulphonic acid, 2-naphthylamine-4:S-disulphonic acid, 1- amino-8-naphthol-3:G-disulphonic acid, 2-amino-5-naphthol-7-sulphom'c acid, p-toluidine, n-anisidine, 2:4dichloroaniline and also diamines such as ethylene diamine, p-phenylene diamine and 4:4'-diaminostilbene-disulphonic acid.

The preferred acid-binding agents used are the watersoluble carbonates and bicarbonates, especially sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. The strength of the solution of acid-binding agent used may be from 0.1% to 3.0%. Even lower concentrations, for example, 0.01% alkali may be used in certain cases. When the treatment with the solution of the acid-binding agent is performed in a separate step before or after the treatment with the solution of the dyestufi, the excess of the first solution applied may be removed and the impre nated material may, if desired, be dried at any convenient temperature, for example between C. and C. before the treatment with the second solution. Alternatively the two treatments may be performed successively in a single bath, either first immersing the textile material in the solution of the acid-binding agent and subsequently adding the dyestuif thereto, or preferably first immersing the textile material in the solution of the dyestulf and subsequently adding the acid-binding agent thereto.

When the treatment with the acid-binding agent is performed during the treatment with the dyestutf, a single treatment bath may be used, containing the required amounts of acid-binding agent and of dyestufE. If desired, there may be used a treatment bath containing dyestuti alone and when some exhaustion of the dyebath has occurred, the acid-binding agent may be added thereto, thereby fixing the dyestufi on the textile material and also assisting in the exhaustion of the dyebath. When the treatment with the acid-binding agent is performed during the treatment with the dyestuif, it is preferred to carry out the process at temperatures between 10 C. and 25 C. Subsequently the impregnated material may be dried at any convenient temperature, for example between 80 C. and C.

If desired, neutral salts, for example sodium chloride or sodium sulphate may be added to the dyestuflf solution and/or to the solution of the acid-binding agent, and other commonly used non-acidic adjuvants may be used, for example there may also be added a solution of a condensate of ethylene oxide and a fatty alcohol.

The new dyeing process is unexpectedly advantageous over those previously described for dyeing protein and regenerated protein textile materials, for example materials made from casein and the regenerated protein from ground nuts, wool and especially silk, since more level dyeings, and more consistent reproduction of shade are obtained by the new process. Furthermore, when The invention is illustrated but not limited by the following examples in which parts are by weight:

EXAMPLE 1 2 parts of the dyestufi obtained by interaction of equimolecular proportions of cyanuric chloride and 2-(4- amino-2'-methylphenylazo-) naphthalene-4:S-disulphonic acid are pasted with a little cold water and then sufiicient warm water is added to dissolve the dyestufi. The solution so formed is added to 3,000 parts of water at a temperature of25 C; 100 parts of pure silk yarn 'are' introduced into this dyebath. 90 parts of common salt are then added portionwise during 30 minutes. After this time 6 parts of soda. ash are added portionwise during 30' minutes. Dyeing is continued for a. further 15 minutes then the yarn is removed and rinsed in cold water. The dyed yarn is then treated in an aqueous solution containing 0.10.2% of acondensate of ethylene oxide with an alkyl phenol and 0.1% of soda ashv at 100 C. for 15 minutes.

A bright yellow dyeing of very high fastness to light, 25

to degumming and to other Wet treatments is'obtained.

Similar results are obtained if in place of the pure silk used in the above example, 100 parts of the regenerated protein fibre manufactured by Imperial Chemical Industries Limited and sold under the name Ardil are used or 100 parts of the regenerated protein fibre manufactured by Messrs. Courtaulds Ltd., and sold under the name of Fibrolane, or 100 parts of chlorinated wool are used.

4 EXAMPLE 2 Scoured silk fabric is padded through a solution of 5 parts of the dyestufi used in Example 1, 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 10 parts of sodium chloride in 1000 parts of water at 25 C. and then evenly squeezed so that it retained approximately 70% of its weight of the solution. The fabric is dried by passing over a heated metal surface at 110 C. and then treated in an aqueous solution containing 0.2% of a condensate of O ethylene oxide with an alkyl phenol, and 0.1% of soda ash at 100 C. for minutes, rinsed in Water and dried. A fast yellow dyeing is produced.

EXAMPLE 3 A scoured silk fabric is padded through a solution of 5 parts of the dyestuff usedin Example 1, 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 10'parts of sodium chloride in 1000 parts of water at C. and then squeezed evenly so that the weight of solution retained is about 0 of the Weight ofthefabric. The fabric is dried by passing it through a zone of hot air, and then treated in an aqueous solution containing 0.10.2% of a. condensate of ethylene oxide with an alkyl phenol and 0.1% of soda ash at C. for 15 minutes.

A bright yellow dyeing of very high, fastness to light, to degumming and to other wet treatments is obtained. The following tables list other dyestufis which may be used in the new process to give the shades indicated. Table 1 describes azo dyestufis' obtained by coupling a. diazo compound obtained from the 'diazo component in the first column with the coupling component of the second column to give an aminoazo compound which is then condensed with an equimolecular proportion of the halogene triazine of the third column.

Table 1 Diazo Component Coupling Component Triazine Shade orthanilic acid l-amino-S-naphthol-Szfi-disulphonic acid... cyanuric ch10ridered. aniline d d bluish red. p-amino-benzoic acid D0. 4aminotoluene 3-sulphonic acid do Do. metanilic acid 2-amino5-naphthol-7-sulphonic acid orange. orthanilic aciddo- Do. 3-amino-anisole4su1phonic cid do yellowish orange 2-amino-tolueneA-sulphonic aciddo orange. orthanilic acid Z-meEhylamino-5-naphthol-7-sulphonic D0. 3.01 f 2-naphthylamine-4z8-disnlphonic acid m-to1uidine-. doreddlilsh ye ow. d o-anisirlinn yellow. -do Z-methoxy-S-methyl-aniline reddlilsh ye 0w. 2-naphthyla nine-fiz8-disulphonic acid 2-ethy1amino-4-methylaniso1e Do. aniline-2:5-d1sulphonic acid 1-(3-a.minophenyl)-3-methyl-5-pyrazo1one yellow. 3-ammoacetanilide-4-sulphonic acid- 1-(2':5-dichloro-4 sulph0pheny1)-3-methylgreenish fi-pyrazoloue. yellow. the acetyl group being removed by hydrolysis after coupling (16)-.-- 4-mtroanilme-3-sulphomc acid 1- (2-methyl-5-su1phophenyl) -3-methy1- l..-.-d0 reddish 5-pyrazo1one. yellow. the nitro group being reduced to amino after coupling (17).... 4-ammoamsole-8-sulphonic acid l-ethglamino-8-naphth0l-326-disulphonic .d0 red.

. aci r (18)..-- am'1i11e 2-amino-8-naphthol-6-sulph0nic acid Do. (19)-.-- orthamhc acid 2-meghylamino-s-naphthol-dsulphouic 0.

8.01 (20)---- benzidine m-phenylene diamine (1 mole), l-amino- --.--d0 grey.

7-phenylazo-S-naphthol-B:B-disulphonie acid (1 mole). (21)-.-- 2-ammophenol-4su1phonic acid 2-amino-5-naphtho1-7-sulphonic acid -.d0 rubine.

(copper'complex) (22)- -a-mmoazo benzene-2:2-d1sulphomc acid m-toluidjne.- doyelow rown. (23)-..- 4-amiiuo4 nitrostilbene2:2'-disulphonic aniline doyellow.

3C1 (24).--- 2-ar11]1moo-pgeny1azo-5-naphthol-7-sul- 2-amino-5-naphtho1-7-sulphonic d dobluish red.

p omc ac! (25)---. orthanilic acid. do.- cyanuIic bromide. orange. (26).--- 3-aminoacetanihde-4-sulphonic acid 1-(2:5-dichloro-4-su1pliopheuyl-3-methyl- 2:4-dich1oro6 V greenishfi-pyrazolone... amlino-s-triyellow.

- azme. (the acetyl group being removed by hydrolysis after coup] .ng) Milt" 1-amino-8-naphthol-3:6-disulphonic acid--- 2:4-d1ph1oro-t5- red.

. a v animo-s-tnazme.

Table 2 describes anthraquinone dyestufls obtained 2. Process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the textile from equimolecular proportions of the triazine of the material dyed is silk. first column and the aminoanthraquinone of the second 3. Process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the textile column. material is immersed in the neutral dyestutf solution Table 2 Trlazine Aminoanthraqmnone Shade (28).. cyanuric chloride l-amlno--(4'-aminoanilino)2:315-trisu1pho-anthraquinone greenishblue. (2 do l-aminoi-(4-methylaminoaniltno)-2:3-disulpho-anthraquinone. blue. (30)-- do l-aminoi-(3-eminoauilino)-2:4-disulpho-anthraquinone reddish blue. (31) cyanurio bromide do. Do. (32)-- 2:4-dichloro-6-phenoxys-trlazinedo Do. (33)-- cyanuric chloride l-arnino--(4-aminoanilino)-2su.lpho-anthraquinone Do. (34)-- 2:4-dichloro-6meth0xys 1-a1mno-4-(4-methylaminoanilino)-2:3-disu.lpho-anthraquinone blue. (35) do 1-amino-4- (3'-beta-hydroxyethylan.ilino)2:5-disulpho-anthraqniuone. Do. (36)-- cyanun'c chloride l-amino--[4-(4-aminophenylazo)anilino]-2:2":5-trlsulpho-anthraquinone olive green. (37).- l do 1-amino-4-(4-amino-3-carboxyanilino)2:5-disulpho-anth.raquinone blue. (38)" do 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-(4-aminoanilino)-3:3-disulpho-a.nthrapyrimidine red.

What we claim is: 20 and the acid-binding agent is thereafter added to the 1. Process for coloring textile materials selected from dyestulf solution. the class consisting of protein and regenerated protein textile materials with a water-soluble di-chloro-s-triazinyl References Cited in the file of thls Patent amino dyestutf containing as the chromophoric group UNITED STATES PATENTS a member selected from the class consisting of azo and 25 2 773 37 Brassel 1 95 anthraquinone chromophoric p which comprises 2, 5,57 Fasciati June 7 applying the said dyestuif to the said textile material in an aqueous medium at a temperature from about 0 C. OTHER REFERENCES to about 55 C., in conjunction with a treatment with ICI, Procion Dyestulfs in Textile Dyeing, 1956, p. 18

an acid-binding agent selected from the group consisting 30 (obtained through Manchester, JSDC, vol. 74, No. 5, of Water-soluble carbonates and bicarbonates in a dilute May 1958, pp. 421-422). aqueous solution. Alexander: Biochem. 1., vol. 52, 1952, pp. 177-184. 

1. PROCESS FOR COLORING TEXTILE MATERIALS SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF PROTEIN AND REGENERATED PROTEIN TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH A WATER-SOLUBLE DI-CHLORO-S-TRIAZINYL AMINO DYESTUFF CONTAINING AS THE CHROMOPHORIC GROUP A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF AZO AND ANTHRAQUINONE CHROMOPHORIC GROUPS, WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING THE SAID DYESTUFF TO THE SAID TEXTILE MATERIAL IN AN AQUEOUS MEDIUM AT A TEMPERATURE FROM ABOUT 0*C. TO ABOUT 55*C., IN CONJUNCTION WITH A TREATMENT WITH AN ACID-BINDING AGENT CARBONATES AND BICARBONATES IN A DILUTE OF WATER-SOLUBLE CARBONATES AND BICARBONATES IN A DILUTE AQUEOUS SOLUTION. 